您现在的位置是: 首页 > 录取信息 录取信息

河北高考文综试卷2017_河北高考文综试卷真题

tamoadmin 2024-05-14 人已围观

简介许多在眼前看来天大的事,都不是人生一战,而只是人生一站。确实高考备战让你们很辛苦,可是已经坚持了这么久,这就已经是胜利。祝高考成功!下面是我为大家推荐的河北英语高考题2017年,仅供大家参考! 河北英语高考题2017年  第I卷  注意事项:  1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上  2.选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需

河北高考文综试卷2017_河北高考文综试卷真题

 许多在眼前看来天大的事,都不是人生一战,而只是人生一站。确实高考备战让你们很辛苦,可是已经坚持了这么久,这就已经是胜利。祝高考成功!下面是我为大家推荐的河北英语高考题2017年,仅供大家参考!

河北英语高考题2017年

 第I卷

 注意事项:

 1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上

 2.选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上,否则无效

 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)

 做题时,先将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上

 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题题。每段对话仅读一遍。

 例:How much is the shirt?

 A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.

 答案是C。

 1. Where is Mary?

 A. In the classroom. B. In the library. C. On the playground.

 2. How much should the man pay for the tickets?

 A. $16. B. $12. C. $6

 3. Why can?t the woman give the man some help?

 A. She is quite busy now.

 B. She doesn?t like grammar.

 C. She is poor in grammar,too.

 4. What happened to Marx?

 A. He lost his way.

 B. He found his bike missing.

 C. He lost his wallet.

 5. Why did the man fail to attend the party?

 A. He forgot it.

 B. He didn?t know about the party.

 C. He wasn?t invited to the party.

 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

 6. Why must the man drive to work?

 A. It is the quickest way.

 B. He has to use his car after work.

 C. He lives too far from the subway.

 7. What?s the relationship between the speakers?

 A. Boss and employee.

 B. Grandmother and grandson.

 C. Teacher and student.

 听第7段材料,回答第8~9题。

 8. When is Alice?s birthday?

 A. Tomorrow. B. The day after tomorrow. C. Today.

 9. What will the two speakers buy for Alice?

 A. A recorder. B. Some flowers. C. A box of chocolates.

 听第8段材料,回答第10~12题。

 10. What does the woman do in the group?

 A. Play the piano. B. Play the violin. C. Sing for the group.

 11. Who is Miss Pearson?

 A. Leader of the group.B. Director of the group. C. Teacher of the group.

 12. How often does the group meet?

 A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Every third week.

 听第9段材料,回答第13~16题。

 13. Who possibly is the woman?

 A. An air hostess. B. A native Indian. C. A travel agent.

 14. How long does the trip last?

 A. Seven days. B. Eight days. C. Nine days.

 15. What will the man probably do at the second stage?

 A. Do some shopping. B. Visit the Taj Mabal. C. See wild animals.

 16. What will the speakers do next?

 A. Say goodbye to each other.B. Find out the price. C. Go to India by air.

 听第10段材料,回答第17~20题。

 17. In what way does Jack like to travel?

 A. With a lot of people.

 B. With one or two good friends.

 C. All by himself.

 18. What does Helen prefer on holiday?

 A. Staying at home.

 B. Seeing famous places.

 C. Enjoying nature quietly.

 19. What does Bob like the best about travel?

 A. Making more friends. B. Buying what he wants. C. Seeing and learning.

 20. Who prefers to do shopping while traveling?

 A. Jack. B. Helen. C. Bob.

 第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

 A

 We have designed all our bank cards to make your life easier.

 Using your NatWest Service Card

 As a Switch card, it lets you pay for all sorts of goods and services, whenever you see the Switch logo. The money comes straight out of your account, so you can spend as much as you like as long as you have enough money (or an agreed overdraft (透支) to cover it). It is also a cheque guarantee card for up to the amount shown on the card. And it gives you free access to your money from over 31,000 cash machines across the UK.

 Using your NatWest Cash Card

 You can use your Cash Card as a Solo card to pay for goods and services wherever you see the Solo logo. It can also give you access to your account and your cash from over 31,000 cash machines nationwide. You can spend or withdraw what you have in your account, or as much as your agreed overdraft limit.

 Using your cards abroad

 You can also use your Service Card and Cash Card when you?re abroad. You can withdraw cash at cash machines and pay for goods and services wherever you see the Cirrus or Maestro logo displayed.

 We take a commission charge (手续费) of 2.25% of each cash withdrawal you make (up to£4) and a commission charge of 75 pence every time you use Maestro to pay for goods or services. We also apply a foreign-exchange transaction fee of 2.65%.

 Using your NatWest Credit Card

 With your credit card you can do the following:

 * Pay for goods and services and enjoy up to 56 days? interest-free credit.

 * Pay in over 24 million shops worldwide that display the MasterCard or Visa logos.

 * Collect one AIR MILE for every£20 of spending that appears on your statement (结算单). (This does not include foreign currency or traveler?s cheques bought, interest and other charges.)

 21. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ________.

 A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wish

 B. you can draw your money from cash machines conveniently

 C. you can spend as much money as you like without a limit

 D. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK

 22. If you withdraw£200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ________.

 A. £4 B. £4.5 C. £5.25 D. £5.3

 23. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?

 A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.

 B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.

 C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.

 D. You will gain one air mile if you spend £20 on traveller?s cheques.

 24. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ________.

 A. pay for goods with your cards B. use your cards abroad

 C. draw cash with your cards D. play your cards right

 B

 Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I?ve ever had: Be bold and brave ? and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.

 Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.

 Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas ? even physical strength greater than most of us realize.

 Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. ?In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,? said Tim. ?I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet ? and stopped him cold.?

 Boldness ? a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme?is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.

 So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities?and you?ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.

 25. Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past?

 A. He faced huge risks. B. He lacked mighty forces.

 C. Fear prevented him from trying. D. Failure blocked his way to success.

 26. What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?

 A. Swallow more than you can digest. B. Act slightly above your abilities.

 C. Develop more mysterious powers. D. Learn to make creative decisions.

 27. What can be learned from Paragraph 5?

 A. Confidence grows more rapidly in adults. B. Trying without success is meaningless.

 C. Repeated failure creates a better life. D. Boldness can be gained little by little.

 C

 The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to-day essential, it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping-where you hand over notes and count out change in return?now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters,like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from a corner shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher up the scale you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores?Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance?you don't go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay. The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.

 Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction(抽象) of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I'm just old-fashioned. But earning money isn't quick or easy for most of us. Isn't it a bit incredible that spending it should happen in half a blink(眨眼)of an eye? Doesn't a wallet?that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness?represent something that matters?

 But I'll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet?the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets?is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or an iPad. The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as pebble(鹅卵石). Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners, we move our fingers left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one. It may not be here much longer.

 28. What is happening to the wallet?

 A. It is disappearing. B. It is being fattened.

 C. It is becoming costly. D. It is changing in style.

 29. What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?

 A. Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.

 B. The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.

 C. Earning money is getting more difficult.

 D. Spending money is so fast and easy.

 30. Why does the author choose to write about what's happening to the wallet?

 A. It represents a change in the modern world.

 B. It has something to do with everybody's life.

 C. It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.

 D. It is the concern of contemporary economists.

 31. What can we infer from the passage about the author?

 A. He is resistant to social changes.

 B. He is against technological progress.

 C. He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.

 D. He feels insecure in the ever-changing modern world.

语文:着眼阅读素养,突出考察传统文化

  三类阅读题成必考

  “今年语文科目的一大变化,是把论述类、实用类和文学类文本阅读均作为必考题,实现了全覆盖。”河北省张家口市第一中学语文特级教师尤立增说。

  北京大学教授温儒敏直言:“其实,早在2017年语文考试大纲修订时,这个变化就引起很大反响。有些学校和老师是考什么就教什么,这几年文学类教学有淡化倾向。现在三类题都要考,会迅速扭转语文教学一线因应试而产生的偏差。”

  实用类文本阅读:

  全国卷Ⅰ中展现中国影像发展历程的“央视纪录频道”,全国卷Ⅱ中引导学生关注环保的“垃圾分类”调查。

  教育部考试中心高考命题专家表示:

  “这些题目都做到了文字与图表搭配,要求考生带着问题进入文本,搜寻、锁定、分辨和提炼关键信息,从而实现对考生检索、理解、分析、评价等能力的重点考查。”

  文学类文本阅读:

  全国卷Ⅰ中有反映军民团结、民族和谐的小说《天嚣》,全国卷Ⅲ中有呈现平凡温馨生活的散文《我们的裁缝店》。

  教育部考试中心高考命题专家表示:

  “命题均关涉思想情感、人物形象、叙事艺术、语言风格等文学阅读的核心要素,在全面检阅考生文学素养的基础上,突出审美鉴赏能力的考查。”

  论述类文本阅读:

  全国卷Ⅱ探讨富有历史意义的“青花瓷兴起”,全国卷Ⅲ解读新型城镇化建设背景下的“乡村记忆”。

  教育部考试中心高考命题专家表示:

  “一方面承继过往,重点考查对文章基本观点的理解,另一方面力图作出新的探索,强化对论述方法、论证方式和批判性思维等方面的考查。”

  客观题增加14分,书写总量下降

  教育部考试中心高考命题专家表示:

  为了进一步拉开试题的区分度,2017年高考语文试卷客观题分值增加了14分,书写总量有所下降,但阅读总量尤其是思维含量并未降低,试卷的整体难度与往年大体持平。

  2018高考语文备考方向启示

  阅读“关键能力”的培养很重要!

  2018高考语文将扩大文本选取范围。论述类文本将多选用论文和时评,考查逻辑论证和批判推理能力;实用类文本将多选用新闻和报告,考查信息处理和超文本阅读能力;文学类文本将多选用小说和散文,考查审美鉴赏能力。

  高考语文阅读反映了信息时代阅读的特点和要求,将全方位考查阅读的“关键能力”。学生在阅读广度、数量、速度上要下大功夫。只有全面培养阅读能力、文学素养和思维品质,才能笑傲今后的高考考场!

  数学:考察理性思维、实际问题应用能力

  分步骤得分,着重区分考生能力

  教育部考试中心命题专家:

  在教育部考试中心命题专家看来,2017年高考数学卷充分发挥了数学的学科思维,以数学知识为载体,将理性思维、逻辑推理能力作为命题考查的首要任务。

  最明显的就是命题时采取分步设问、梯次递进的方式,试题层次感强,便于对考生能力进行区分。

  如全国卷Ⅰ第21题第(1)问要求考生求出导函数的零点,进而对参数进行分类讨论,掌握函数的单调性。

  在此基础上,第(2)问要求根据函数有两个零点的条件,确定参数的取值范围,层层深入,为考生解答提供广阔的思考空间。

  加强了社会实际的应用

  “2017年数学科高考加强了应用性,密切结合社会实际,突出运用数学思维解决实际问题。”

  如全国卷Ⅰ文科第2题以农作物种植效果为背景,考查用样本估计整体的统计思想方法;理科第12题以大学生创业为背景,考查数列的相关知识;

  文理科第19题为工厂生产线质量控制问题,考查运用概率统计方法进行统计推断的应用意识。

  新高考数学“不分文理科”,中档题较多

  在上海和浙江进行的综合改革试点中,首次命制不分文理的数学试卷,关注学生的数学基础及必备的能力要求,科学设计命题内容,增强基础性、综合性,着重考查学生独立思考和运用所学知识分析、解决问题的能力。

  今年浙江的数学卷,首先在试卷结构上有所改进,2016年整卷只有20题,今年变成22题,增加了2道选择题。在整体难度上,较好地贯彻了文科起点、理科终点的命题策略。

  最容易的题以文科生为起点,最难的题以北大清华理科生为终点。起点低,坡度缓,中档题数量较多,有利于提高试卷的区分度,突出考试的选拔性。

  总体来讲,只要教学中坚持课标,基于标准教学,重视核心素养,学生就一定能考好。

  ——浙江省数学特级教师、元济高级中学校长卢明

  2018年高考数学备考方向启示

  逻辑推理能力要比刷更多题重要!

  2018高考数学将把考查逻辑推理能力作为重要任务,以数学知识为载体,考查学生缜密思维、严格推理的能力。同时,通过多种渠道渗透数学文化,如有的试题将通过数学史展示数学文化的民族性与世界性;有的将通过揭示知识的产生背景和形成过程,体现数学的创造、发现和发展特点;有的将通过对数学思维方法的总结、提炼,呈现数学的思想性。

  英语:强调传统文化,考察语言应用

  “稳中有进”“稳得踏实”“进得鲜明”是教育部考试中心高考英语学科命题专家对今年英语高考题的评价。

  注重考查特定语境下的语言综合运用能力

  教育部考试中心英语学科命题专家表示:

  分析2017年高考英语命题的语篇和材料选择、题目类型搭配以及考查要点设置可以发现,各套试卷着力将试卷难度控制在合理范围之内。

  全国统一命题试卷和自主命题省份试卷中所选语篇和材料难度水平呈阶梯式分布,题目类型多样且难易搭配合理,考查要点覆盖面广,各难度层级试题数量比例合适,能够很好地区分不同能力水平的考生。

  建议在2018年的备考中多培养学生的语篇意识,对语篇的逻辑关系予以分析,注意理解语篇在意义构成上的各种关系,强调把语法教学放在语境当中。

  2018高考英语备考方向启示

  综合语言运用能力得尽快养成

  2018高考英语将通过深度发掘语篇材料思想内涵,突出对综合语言运用能力的考查,促进学生学习能力、交际能力、人文底蕴的养成。

  如阅读理解部分可能选取科技创新、环境保护、一带一路、遗产保护等话题文章设计试题,引导学生在理解文章内容和作者观点态度的基础上深入思考人与自然、社会的关系,体悟和谐发展之道。

  文综:考察学科思维,强调实践导向

  地理:着重考查地理学科思维

  教育部考试中心高考命题专家:

  地理试题以立德树人为核心,以对地理学科关键能力的综合考查为主线,优选考试内容,突出地理思维考查,使得学科特色得到更加鲜明的体现。

  试题在取材上放眼时代大潮,贴近社会现实和考生实际,展示了宽广的命题视野。在设计上,着力考查考生的地理素养,测试考生的学科观念。

  今年地理试题的一个特点是注重弘扬中华优秀传统文化,引导考生分析其中蕴含的地理原理,使优秀传统文化具象化。

  全国Ⅲ卷1—3题、北京卷3—5题、天津卷6—7题,均以“人类非物质文化遗产代表作”为载体,考查背后蕴含的地理特征、原理和联系。

  思想政治:强调实践导向,将学科概念具象化

  教育部考试中心高考命题专家:

  今年的思政试题将中华优秀传统文化、社会主义先进文化融入背景材料,把文化具象化,体现出鲜明的思想教育、价值引领学科特色,引导考生增强文化自信,提高其继承和弘扬优秀传统文化,发展社会主义先进文化的自觉性。

  历史:注重基础知识考查,选取经典素材

  教育部考试中心高考命题专家:

  今年的历史命题坚持以立德树人为立场,以服务选拔为导向,以提高试题质量为要求,试题学科特点突出,既注重主干基础知识考查,又强调学科素养和关键思维能力的培养。

  历史试题通过选取典型素材,形成正确的价值观引领。

  例如全国Ⅲ卷40题,通过郑成功收复和建设台湾这一历史事件,使考生加深了台湾自古以来就是中国固有领土的认识;

  全国Ⅰ卷30题,讲述了抗战时期中国***在根据地扩大民主基础的努力,体现了民主、平等的核心价值观。

  2018高考文科综合备考方向启示

  学科素养不是一句空话!

  2018高考文科综合将注重创新试题设计、挖掘时代主题、构建问题情境,突出地理、思想政治、历史学科所独具的思维与分析方法。

  如地理试题将更加注重反映人地协调观、综合思维和区域认知的价值取向,将地理学思想方法自然、贴切地融入素材。

  思想政治学科将精心选择能够更好地承载学科知识、反映学科特色的素材,贴近学生生活、贴近时代,更好地发挥考试对教学的导向和促进作用。

  历史学科将更加注重考查历史思维过程与方法,如学生对历史事实和历史叙述这两种不同史学概念的理解和辨别程度。

  理综:激发实践研究,强调“学以致用”

  化学:呈现真实问题,强调“学以致用”

  教育部考试中心化学命题专家介绍:

  今年教育部考试中心命制的试卷中,运用的实际情境主要有新材料制备、废物综合利用、环境保护技术、有机新物质和新药物合成、无机化工生产以及新技术能源等。

  这些试题均要求学生将基础化学知识、基本化学原理和方法运用到实际生产生活中,解释生活中相关的现象,解决工业生产问题。

  生物:淡化知识考察,重视实践操作

  2017年的实验试题对考生提出了相对较高的要求,这不但有利于高考区分功能的体现,也有利于改善中学教学不重视实验、不重视实际操作,较多关注“背”实验、“记”实验的状况。

  题目命制反映了教育改革的方向:

  生物试题与即将实施的修订后的新课标接轨。尤其重视理性思维能力与科学探究能力的考查,这就要求老师今后在教学中要以培养学生的生物核心素养为中心,重视学生探究能力的提升,而不是靠背书与题海战术来进行高三的复习。

  物理:增加考核内容

  2017年高考物理考试大纲完善考核目标和考查内容,将动量、近代物理等知识列为必考内容。

  今年高考物理试题的设计密切联系大纲修订的初衷,通过科学设计试卷蓝图,多角度考查修订内容,引导学生认识自然和生产生活中的现象,完善认知结构,为学生进入大学阶段学习打好基础。

  2018高考理科综合备考方向启示

  新知识或拓展信息将更多出现

  2018高考理科综合将坚持把创新思维和学习能力考查渗透到命题全过程,向学生提供新知识或原有知识的延伸拓展信息,考查学生的探究能力和创新精神。

  如化学试题可能增加化学反应图形和性能关联图形的体裁,让学生在获得化学信息的基础上,回归到基本反应原理和物质结构知识中去。通过延伸基本知识,在培养学生自学和探究精神方面也进行积极探索。

  物理学科通过将动量和近代物理作为必考内容进行考查,完善学生的知识结构,为学生解决问题提供更多有力工具,有利于学生更好地认识实际现象,理解更深层次问题。

  生物学科要求学生能够对生物学问题进行探究,包括提出问题、做出假设、制定和实施计划、得出结论、科学表达等;同时,要求学生具备实验设计、实验结果预测的能力。

  2017年高考命题具有“四性”

  增强基础性——不是考教材原话,而是考查学生必备知识和关键能力

  “基础性”包括全面合理的知识结构、扎实灵活的能力要求和健全向上的人格素养。高考通过加强对基本概念、基本原理、基本思想方法的考查,引导学生重视基础,将所学知识和方法内化为自身的能力。

  例如,2017高考语文学科将论述类文本阅读、文学类文本阅读和实用类文本阅读均设置为必做题,对不同的思维方式和素养构成进行考查,全面覆盖信息筛选、逻辑分析、审美鉴赏以及语言运用等能力。

  增强综合性——不是考“大杂烩”,而是考查学生的知识体系和对知识间联系的把握

  综合性主要体现考察学生综合运用学科知识、思维方法,多角度地观察、思考,发现、分析和解决问题的能力。高考试题设计注重素材选取的普遍性,突出知识体系的完整性和知识间的联系,要求学生能够基于试题情境深入思考,整合所学知识得出观点和结论。

  比如,2017高考全国Ⅰ卷25题物理试题以学生熟悉的带电油滴实验为背景,构造相对复杂的物理过程,要求学生经过分析并对相关情形进行讨论,综合运用相关概念和规律解决问题。全国Ⅰ卷27题化学试题,呈现由钛铁矿生产锂离子电池电极材料的工艺框图,提供必要数据,要求学生利用元素化合物以及热力学、动力学等知识分析选择物质提取和转化的最佳条件,考查学生的综合运用能力。

  加强应用性——不是理论“空对空”,而是考查解决现实问题

  应用性,主要体现考察学生运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。2017高考试题注重将学科内容与国家经济社会发展、科学进步、生产生活实际等紧密联系起来,通过设置新颖的问题情境,引导学生关注社会进步和科学发展。

  例如,全国Ⅱ卷数学19题以水产品养殖方法为背景,设计了根据样本数据分析比较新、旧养殖方法生产效益的问题,体现了统计与概率的工具性和应用性以及数学与现实社会的紧密联系。物理试题设计了冰球运动员训练的情境;化学试题设计了废物综合利用、新药物合成以及新能源技术等情境。

  增强探究性和开放性——各科的压轴题着重考查学生的创新意识,北大清华学生就从这些题中选拔!

  创新性主要体现在考察学生独立思考能力,看其是否能够自觉运用批判性和创新性思维方法。试题通过增强情境的探究性和设问的开放性,允许学生从多角度思考,对同一问题或现象得出不同的结论,使学生能够从标准答案的束缚中解放出来,发展个性,增强创新意识。

  例如,数学全国Ⅰ卷12题紧扣“大众创业,万众创新”的时代背景,以学生熟知的源于生活的“软件激活码”为切入点,借助等差数列、等比数列,着重考查学生的创新应用能力。全国Ⅱ卷35题化学试题以我国科学家发表的“五氮阴离子化合物”科研论文为背景,要求学生创造性地解释新颖化合物稳定存在的结构因素,体现题材新颖、形式独特、设问创新的特点。全国Ⅲ卷36题地理试题要求学生选择并回答是否赞同在某地扩大温室农业生产规模的理由,使学生从标准答案的束缚中解放出来,培养创新思维。

  2018年高考各科将着重考查这些能力

  语文:全面考查学生阅读“关键能力”

  高考语文阅读反映了信息时代阅读的特点和要求,全方位考查了阅读的“关键能力”,有效提升了测量的信度和效度,将会促进基础教育重视对学生阅读能力、文学素养和思维品质的全面培养,从而在综合型人才的培养方面发挥重要作用。

  数学:考察学生理性思维,创新能力

  高考数学把考查逻辑推理能力作为重要任务,以数学知识为载体,考查学生缜密思 维、严格推理的能力。

  高考数学除体现出较强的选拔功能外,还对提升学生学科素养、培养学生创新精神,对数学课程和教学改革均具有积极的导向和促进作用。

  英语:考查综合语言运用能力

  高考英语通过深度发掘语篇材料思想内涵,突出综合语言运用能力的考查,促进学生学习能力、交际能力、人文底蕴的养成。

  文综:着重考察学科素养

  文科综合注重创新试题设计、挖掘时代主题、构建问题情境,突出地理、思想政治、历史学科所独具的思维与分析方法,对学生学科素养的培养起到积极的推动作用。

  地 理

  注重反映人地协调观、综合思维和区域认知的价值取向,将地理学思想方法自然、贴切地融入素材。

  思想政治

  精心选择能够更好地承载学科知识、反映学科特色的素材,贴近学生生活、贴近时代,更好地发挥考试对教学的导向和促进作用。

  历史

  更加注重考查历史思维过程与方法,如学生对历史事实和历史叙述这两种不同史学概念的理解和辨别程度。

  理综:着重考查创新思维和学习能力

  理科综合坚持将创新思维和学习能力考查渗透到命题全过程。

  化学

  增加了化学反应图形和性能关联图形的体裁,让学生在获得化学信息的基础上,回归到基本反应原理和物质结构知识中去。

  通过延伸基本知识,在培养学生自学和探究精神方面也进行积极探索。

  物理

  通过将动量和近代物理作为必考内容进行考查,完善学生的知识结构,为学生解决问题提供更多有力工具,有利于学生更好地认识实际现象,理解更深层次问题。

  生物

  要求学生能够对生物学问题进行探究,包括提出问题、做出假设、制定和实施计划、得出结论、科学表达等;同时,要求学生具备实验设计、实验结果预测的能力。

文章标签: # the # 学生 # 考查