2014河南高考英语答案_2014年河南高考语文试卷

1.2014年成人高考专升本英语词汇知识梳理:名词

河南用的是全国新课标卷，我原来给学生做过，选择题变成了填空题难度就大大增加了，对语法的要求相对提高。“五年高考三年模拟”这本书不错，买本总复习的做做看，如果想单独在语法方面进行提高的话，可以用用“星火英语”的专项练习。有什么问题请继续追问。

————百度英语教师团队为您解答， 谢谢采纳

2014年成人高考专升本英语词汇知识梳理:名词

　阅读是一种主动的过程，是由阅读者根据不同的目的加以调节控制的,陶冶人们的情操，提升自我修养。阅读是一种理解、领悟、吸收、鉴赏、评价和探究文章的思维过程。阅读可以改变思想、获取知识，从而可能改变命运。下面为大家带来了高考英语阅读理解带答案，欢迎大家参考阅读！

　Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one inexpensive postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a tops. The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius, a small island in the Indian Ocean. In 1847 an order for stamps was sent to a London printer — Mauritius was to become the fourth country in the world to issue stamps.Before the order was filled and delivered, a ball was planned at Mauritius’ Government House, and stamps were needed to send out the invitations. A local printer was instructed to copy the design for the stamps. He accidentally inscribed the words “Post Office” instead of “Post Paid” on the several hundred stamps that he printed.Today there are only twenty-six of these misprinted stamps left fourteen One Penny Orange-Reds and twelve Two Penny Blues. Because of the Two Penny Blue’s rareness and age, collectors have paid as much as ＄16 800 for it.

　1. Over a century ago, Mauritius _______.

　A. was an independent country

　B. belonged to India

　C. was one of the British colonies

　D. was a small island in the Pacific Ocean

　2. The mistake on the stamps was made _______.

　A. in Mauritius

　B. at Mauritius Government House

　C. in a post office

　D. in London

　3. Stamp collectors have paid 16 800 for _______.

　A. fourteen One Penny Orange-Reds

　B. twelve Two Penny Blues

　C. one One Penny Orange-Red

　D. one Two Penny Blue

　答案与解析 本文讲述的是本来不值钱的邮票由于印刷错误却使其价值倍增。

　1. C。事实细节题。根据第2段第1句… more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius, a small island in the Indian Ocean可知答案为C。

　2. A。事实细节题。根据第2段第1句The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius可知答案选A。

　3. D。事实细节题。根据文章最后一句Because of the Two Penny Blue’s rareness and age, collectors have paid as much as $16 800 for it 可知答案为D。

　拓展：高考英语阅读理解攻略

　一、细节题型

　提问方式

　Wh-特殊问句; From the text…，According to…，True/not true,划线词语、句子，简单计算、排列事件顺序、识图等。

　解题方法

　抓住提问中的关键字眼，仔细阅读相关细节的材料内容，一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。

　注意排除下列干扰项：

　(1)扩缩范围

　文章为了表达得准确严密，很注意对范围的限定。有的是通过加上相应的词语限制，如涉及到数量时常用many,almost all,nearly,more than,over,only a few,normally等限制。有些干扰项是通过改变或去掉限定词语，甚至是扩大或缩小了语言范围。

　(2)偷换概念

　命题者设计试题时往往把原文的概念偷换成另一个不同的概念。望文生义是造成错误的主要原因。

　(3)正误并存

　在一干扰项中，某个句子或词语是正确的，其他分句或词语是错误的或表达不全面，正误并存，命题者借此以假乱真。要排除这类干扰项，只要一个选项局部有误或选项不全面，都属排除的干扰项。

　二、主旨大意题型

　提问方式

　What' s the topic/subject of the text/the second paragraph?

　What is stated in…? The text is cheifly concerned with_______。

　解题方法

　(1)最常用的方法是仔细研读短文的1、2两句-----即短文的主题句，或辅以阅读各段的第1、2句----即段落中心句。此方法多适用于说明文、议论文。

　(2)记叙文等需要通读全文，抓住关键事或论题来归纳意思(常说明一个道理)。

　(3)全文末尾(段)找答案。此类文章的特点是以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点。

　在处理文章标题的`选择时，要避免下列三种错误：

　①概括不够(多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小);②过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围);③以事实或细节代替抽象具体的大意。

　三、推理判断题型

　提问方式

　The story suggests that___________. It can be inferred that_____________.

　The story implies that _____________. It can be concluded that __________.

　We can learn that _______________.

　解题方法

　推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。学生不仅要弄懂文章的字面意思，更重要的是要知道文章的潜在涵义。

　注意点

　(1)那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。

　(2)推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知;作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。

　(3)不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法;不要脱离原文主观臆断。

　四、词义猜测题

　①利用构词法猜词;

　②利用语境及逻辑关系猜词。有时完全可以利用上下文语境和前后句之间的并列、因果、转折、对比、解释定义和举例等关系来猜测词义。同时特别留心某些词语，例如：or, that is, in other words, including, although, but, or, even if, on the other hand, on the contrary, other than, rather than, more than, instead of等词语之后的内容。

　一、可数名词与不可数名词

　名词分可数与不可数两种。

　可数名词表示某类人或东西中的个体。如table， country.

　或表示若干个体组成的集合体。如 family， people， committee， police.

　不可数名词表示无法分为个体的实物。如air， tea， furniture， water.

　或表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念。如work， information， advice， happiness.

　有些名词在一种场合下是可数名词，在另一种场合下是不可数名词。

　如room 房间(可数)，空间(不可数)

　time 时间(不可数)，次数(可数)

　fish 鱼(不可数)，各种各样的鱼(可数)

　比较下列例句：

　There are nine rooms in the house. (房间，可数名词)

　There isn't enough room for us three in the car . (空间，不可数名词)

　不可数名词的数量可以通过在其前面加单位词来表示。

　如： 一块肉 a piece of meat

　两条长面包 two loaves of bread

　三件家具 three articles of furniture

　一大笔钱 a large sum of money

　二、可数名词的复数形式

　可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词复数的构成如下：

　1.一般情况下在名词后加-s.如：girls， books.

　浊辅音、元音结尾，s发[z]

　2.以s， x ， ch， sh结尾的词在名词后加-es.如：glasses， boxes， matches， bushes.

　以s， x ， ch， sh结尾，es发[iz]

　3.“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i再加-es.如：city-cities， country-countries.

　4.以o结尾的词多数加-es.如：heroes， tomatoes， potatoes.

　radios， zoos， photos， pianos， kilos 例外。

　5.f， fe 结尾的词，多数变f，fe为v再加-es.如：thief-thieves， leaf-leaves， half-halves， life-lives， wife-wives， knife-knives.

　少数名词有不规则的复数形式。如：man-men， woman-women， foot-feet， tooth-teeth， child-children， mouse-mice.

　可数名词复数一般情况下考不规则复数形式。

　个别名词的单数和复数的形式是一样的。如Chineses， Japanese， sheep， deer.

　三、名词的所有格

　名词的所有格表示所属关系， 起形容词的作用。

　当名词表示有生命的东西时，所有格一般是在词尾加 's .

　如：Jean's room， my daughter-in-law's friends， my daughters-in-law's friends， children's books.

　如果名词已经有了复数词尾s， 则只需加'.如：the teachers' books， my parents' car.

　时间名词的所有格在后面加's ，复数加' .如：today's newspaper， five minutes' walk.

　当名词表示无生命的东西时，所有格常由“of”短语构成。

　如：the top of the world， the cover of the book， China's capital.

　加 's 或 ' 的名词所有格可以表示店铺或某人的家。

　如：the grocer's， the tailor's， the Smith's .

　名词所有格考试常见部分是

　名词表示没有生命的东西时，不能直接在其后加's.

　时间名词所有格在其后加's，或复数名词后直接加'.

　四、名词在句子中的作用

　1.主语是可数名词单数时，谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。

　All roads lead to Rome.(条条大路通罗马。)

　His brother is an industrial engineer.

　The number of the students attending the party is increasing.

　the number of 表示数量，无论后面名词是复数还是单数，谓语动词是单数形式。

　Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me.

　two-thirds 三分之二

　几分之几作主语，谓语是单数形式。

　Both of us are studying English.

　总结：在名词作主语时，the number of 谓语动词单数形式;

　几分之几，谓语单数形式;

　both 谓语使用复数形式。

　2、主语是不可数名词、不定式或动名词词组、从句时，谓语动词用单数形式。

　All the money he received was given to his mother.

　Forgetting the past means betrayal.

　What we are talking now is useless.

　3.主语部分若有as well as， with， together with， like， but， except等短语，谓语动词的单、复数与短语前面的名词一致。

　Mary， as well as her two sisters， is a student of this school.

　(as well as her two sisters 作主语Mary的主语补足语，主语 Mary 是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式)

　No one except my friends knows anything about it.

　4.表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的复数名词作主语时，如果当作整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。“…+(×)…=…”算式中的谓语动词也用单数形式。

　Three times two is six.

　Three kilometers is 3，ooo metres. (three kilometers作为整体来看)

　5.Either， neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

　Neither of us has been to Italy.

　Has either of them been to Shanghai?

　none代表可数的人或东西时，谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数，代表不可数的东西时，谓语动词用单数形式。

　None of the students have/has seen the film.

　None of the money belongs to me.

　6.主语由either…or， neither…nor， not only…but also连接时，谓语形式由最邻近的主语决定。

　Not only you but also I am wrong.

　Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon.

　Either you or she is to do the work.

　7.主语中有and，如果表示单一概念，谓语动词用单数。

　The bread and butter is nice.

　8.主语前有many a， more than one修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。

　Many a book has been read by the students.

　many a book=many books

　More than one person has been to the Great Wall.

　9.集合名词作主语，当作整体看待时，谓语动词用单数形式，当作每个独立的个体看待时，谓语动词用复数。

　The committee meets once a year. (作为整体)

　The committee are having a meeting now. (作为独立个体)

　People， police作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

　The police have come to arrest him.

　名词部分考试重点

　1、可数名词与不可数名词里，哪几个词是不可数名词。

　2、可数名词复数形式重点掌握不规则形式，单、复数相同的名词。

　3、名词所有格重点掌握时间名词所有格在其后加's，复数加'.

　4、名词在句中的作用，重点掌握刚才的9点。

　考点测试

　1.Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesn't need any more.

　A. is B. has been C. was D. had been

　ten days 作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式。(注意时态)

　答案 A

　2. Now， many people use the word Ms instead of Miss or Mrs， for example， before the names of ______ in business letters.

　A. woman manager B. women manager C. woman managers D. women managers

　names 是复数形式，其后的名词肯定是复数。

　两个名词变为复数，两个都要变。

　答案 D

　3. The number of students who failed the chemistry examination _____ to fifteen.

　A. have increased B. has increased C. is increased D. are increasing

　the number of 谓语动词用单数。

　答案 B

　4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.

　A. was B. were C. would be D. have been

　neither……nor谓语动词跟相邻的主语一致。

　答案 A

　5. The room is eight _______ long.

　A. foot B. foots C. feet D. feets

　foot 英尺，复数形式 feet

　答案 C

　8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ at the meeting.

　A. was present B. were present C. have been presented D. has been presented

　not only…… but also 谓语动词与相邻名词一致。

　present 呈现，介绍

　答案 A

　9. One of the things she wrote about ______ life on a small farm at the beginning of the century.

　A. is B. was C. are D. were

　one of 谓语用单数。

　答案 B

　10. Only about one out of twelve of the young men and women of this country _____ college education.

　A. receive B. receives C. have received D. have been received

　one out of 谓语用单数形式。

　答案 B

　11. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man.

　A. has B. have C. will D. would

　never before开头，句子倒装。

　主语so many people为复数。

　engage in doing sth. 忙于做某事。

　答案 B

　12. At the bus stop were a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina.

　A. were B. was C. is D. sits and waits

　主语 a soldier and two young people为复数

　答案 A

　13. There ______ the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream.

　A. goes B. go C. gone D. was gone

　主语 the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream复数

　答案 B

　14. Mr. Brown， and not I ， ________ chosen to be the representative of the class.

　A. is B. am C. are D. have been

　主语 Mr.Brown

　答案 A

　15. The teacher， as well as a number of students， _______ to attend the party.

　A. ask B. asks C. was asked D. were asked

　谓语动词与as well as前面的名词一致。

　答案 C

　16. The hostess together with the guests of honor ________ comfortably in the living room.

　A. was seated B. seated C. were seated D. were seating

　谓语与 together with 前的名词一致

　be seated 就坐

　Please be seated ladies and gentlmen.

　Seat the boy next to his brother.

　答案 A

　17. The father， rather than the brothers， _______ responsible for the accident.

　A. is B. are C. have been D. has

　主语 the father ，单数

　be responsible for 对……负责

　答案 A

　18. Either Carol or Grace ______ to the concert， but one of them has to stay home.

　A. is coming B. are coming C. will coming D. have come

　either……or 谓语动词与临近主语一致。

　答案 A

　19. The total amount of money ______ 100 dollars.

　A. is B. are C. has D. have

　money 不可数名词，谓语动词单数。

　答案 A

　20. Great quantities of fish _____ on high seas.

　A. is caught B. are caught C. catch D. is catching

　quantities 复数形式

　答案 B

　21. Either of the young ladies _____ perfectly qualified to teach Greek and Latin.

　A. is B. are C. has D. have

　either打头，谓语动词单数。

　答案 A

　22. Having studied your report carefully， I am convinced that neither of your solutions _____ correct.

　A. are B. is C. had D. will

　neither 两者都不，谓语动词单数。

　答案 B

　23. In some countries each of the citizens ______ to decide government policies.

　A. helps B. help C. are helped D. is helped

　each 每一个，谓语动词单数。

　答案 A

　24. The nurse added_____ to the medcine to make the ease for the child to take.

　A. some sugar B. some sugars C. a sugar D. sugars

　suger 不可数名词

　答案 A

　take medcine 吃药

　25. “I like your furniture very much.”

　“Thank you. We bought ____ in Beijing.”

　A. the most of them B. the most of it C. most of them D. most of it

　furniture 不可数名词

　答案 D